Golden Visa and Citizenship by Investment: Which opens more doors for African nationals?

Passoports News | 14th May 2025

As global economic landscapes shift, an increasing number of African investors are exploring pathways that offer more than just returns but also freedom of movement. According to the 2024 Africa Wealth Report, the continent currently holds USD 2.5 trillion in investable wealth, with its millionaire population projected to grow by 65% over the next decade.

Africa is home to 135,200 high-net-worth individuals (HNWIS), 342 centi-millionaires, and 21 billionaires. The ‘Big 5’ markets—South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya, and Morocco—account for 56% of its millionaires and over 90% of its billionaires.

Wealth migration is rising. Between 2013 and 2023, around 18,700 HNWIS left Africa. Among the 54 African-born billionaires globally, only 21 still reside on the continent.

Why millionaires are breaking free from the constraints of their passports

Many African passports offer limited visa-free access, making international travel difficult. As a result, Golden Visas and Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programmes are becoming essential tools for high-net-worth individuals seeking financial security and family opportunities.

Golden Visas offer long-term residency in exchange for investment, granting the right to live, work, and study, often with a path to citizenship. CBI programmes provide full citizenship within months—without residency—via investment in national funds or real estate.

Both routes create opportunities for African HNWIS to contribute to host economies while securing global mobility and family benefits.

Europe’s dual appeal for African HNWIS

Portugal is a favourite among African investors due to its Golden Visa programme, tax advantages, and EU access. By 2022, 25% of Portugal's Golden Visas were issued to African nationals. The Non-Habitual Residency (NHR) programme offers major tax breaks. Investment starts at EUR 250,000.

The Caribbean connection

Caribbean CBI programmes attract African entrepreneurs with quick processing and no relocation requirements. Countries like Antigua and Barbuda, St. Lucia, and Grenada offer passports within 3–6 months with visa-free access and investment starting from USD 200,000.

Dubai: A magnet for African wealth and opportunity

Dubai continues to attract Africa’s affluent with its luxury lifestyle and tax-free benefits. With a minimum AED 2 million investment, African nationals can access long-term residency via Golden Visa. In 2022, they made up 10% of all applicants.

United States: The all-rounder for African wealth migration

The U.S. offers vast opportunities for investment and education. African interest in the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program has grown by 15% since 2017. With over 35,000 African students in U.S. institutions as of 2022, education remains a top driver.

As African wealth grows, investment migration becomes essential for securing legacy, global access, and future-proofing families.

Speak to our experts at Passoports today.